我们在之前转述了这位老师教我们如何进行审题（见文章《turnitin查重英文老师教你如何进行论文审题》）。这里我们继续看看这个turnitin查重的大学英文老师教我们如何进行学术写作。我们提交到turnitin查重的很大一部分都是学术论文，SCI 期刊论文，因此也需要学学如何进行学术写作。
What is academic style writing?
什么叫“学术写作”？
My definition of academic writing is a clear and concise way of writing that expresses your ideas and understanding of a subject, often using more formal vocabulary, a defined structure, and clear evidence to support your arguments.
我对于学术写作的定义就是：用简单明了的语言书面阐述你对于题目的想法和理解，基本上的三大因素是正式英语（口语滴，不行），标准的结构和清楚的证据。
How do I adopt an academic style in my writing?
采用这种风格难不难？
Be objective: Try to avoid using the first person. Any arguments you present should be presented in the third person or in a way which does not stress your personal opinion too strongly e.g.: ‘It could be said that…’ or ‘Some have argued that…’ etc, (unless specified by your institution that they want you to include personal opinions throughout). You may need to present your final opinion in the conclusion however. Remember to support your views with evidence from other sources.
客观来说：尽量避免使用第一人称。第三人称能够保持作者（你）和阅读者之间的最大距离，从此清清楚楚地阐述双方的观点，而且也不会使得你的观点特别突兀。论文之所以能体现客观性是因为论文旨在提供真实信息；直白的加入你自己的意见很可能扭曲论文的愿意（千千万万记得，我们既不是教授、研究员，也不是博士、博士后；我们自己的主张是不管用的，只能找牛人来支持我们。说白了就是抱大腿）。比如说：与‘我想’或‘对我来说’相比，‘可以这么说’和‘有人认为’这些句子听起来更客观可信，更真实，不是么？虽然说在论文的结尾可能需要你提出一点自己的简介，但是一定记住时时刻刻要有客观证据来支撑你的观点。
Structure your writing: Essays usually include an introduction, paragraphs covering different aspects of the subject (these may be divided into section i.e.: methodology, results etc) and a solid conclusion at the end. Each paragraph must also use this formula: P.E.E, which means Point, Example, and Explain. If you follow this basic structure for all paragraphs, I am sure you will start to make your writing better!
结构：学术论文的构架通常可分开到三个部分：概论，主体和结论，而主体也可以分开成不同部分。无论多大多小，每个段落都应该用一种简单而有效的标准格式: P.E.E标准格式(Point观点，Example例子，Explain解释分析， 名字不好听，不过确实如此)。这就是写好论文的核心一步。
Appropriate Language: Use more formal language and avoid contractions, slang or informal expressions. Instead use linking words and connecting phrases, such as, additionally, in contrast, in order to, as a consequence, despite the fact that etc.
写论文时该用正式英语，而不是网络用语和俚语。必要时记得用连词，让上下句，上下段能联系起来。（其实我们看着不通顺的论文就已经头大了，是不会给高分的）!
Remember to use your tenses appropriately. If you are talking about something which was said or done in the past, use the past tense. But if you are talking about something which is still true now or has an impact in the present, use the present tense e.g.: Smith stated that writing an essay requires certain skills (2010). Smith’s point illustrates that students need to work hard to achieve well (present).
还想得起中学老师们教你在什么情况下用过去时和现在时么？过去做的事儿 – 过去式；现在做着的事儿 – 现在时——用在论文里也不例外。例如: “The business introduced （过去式）
a new marketing campaign last year” 对比 “The business is currently creating （现在式）a new marketing campaign”. 不过如果你所说的事虽然发生在过去，可到目前为止一直没有变化，或者是对现在有影响，那也是要用现在时而不是过去时。
